Marine Corps History Highlight: October 3rd – The Battle of Derna (Tripoli) and the Legacy of “The Shores of Tripoli”
🗓 Marine Corps History Highlight: October 3rd – The Battle of Derna (Tripoli) and the Legacy of “The Shores of Tripoli” 🦅🌍⚓
On October 3, 1805, the United States Marine Corps gained a lasting place in American military history with their role in the Battle of Derna, a pivotal event in the First Barbary War (1801-1805). This battle marked the first time the United States raised its flag over a foreign stronghold in victory, and it immortalized the phrase “to the shores of Tripoli” in the Marine Corps Hymn.
Background: The First Barbary War
In the early 19th century, American merchant ships were frequently attacked by pirates from the Barbary States (modern-day North Africa). These pirates demanded tribute from nations wishing to trade in the Mediterranean Sea. Refusing to pay further ransom, President Thomas Jefferson deployed the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps to protect American interests and end the piracy.
The decisive battle occurred at the port city of Derna, located in what is now Libya. Led by Lieutenant Presley O’Bannon of the United States Marine Corps, along with mercenaries and allied forces, the Marines embarked on an overland march from Egypt to Derna in a daring and dangerous effort to capture the city.
The Battle of Derna
On October 3, 1805, Lt. O’Bannon and his small force of eight U.S. Marines and 500 mercenaries launched a successful assault on the fortified city of Derna. Despite being vastly outnumbered and ill-equipped, the Marines secured a strategic victory, raising the American flag over the city. The capture of Derna was a major milestone in the war and helped solidify the United States’ reputation as a formidable military power.
The bravery and determination of the Marines during the Battle of Derna left a lasting legacy in Marine Corps history. The phrase “From the halls of Montezuma, to the shores of Tripoli” was forever enshrined in the Marine Corps Hymn, serving as a tribute to the Marine Corps’ first major victory on foreign soil.
The Legacy of the Battle of Derna
The success at Derna was more than just a military triumph. It demonstrated the effectiveness of the Marine Corps in expeditionary warfare and established the Marines’ role as America’s premier force in readiness. The courage and leadership displayed by Lt. O’Bannon and his men have been a source of pride for Marines ever since, symbolizing their ability to overcome incredible odds and achieve victory in hostile territory.
In recognition of his service, Lt. O’Bannon was presented with a Mameluke sword by Prince Hamet, a symbol that remains an iconic part of the Marine Corps dress uniform today.
Why It Matters
The Battle of Derna represents a foundational moment in the Marine Corps’ illustrious history. It was the first time U.S. forces achieved a victory on foreign soil, setting the standard for future Marine Corps operations. The battle exemplified the values of Honor, Courage, and Commitment that continue to define the Marine Corps to this day.
On this day, we honor the legacy of those Marines who fought at Derna and the enduring spirit they instilled in the Corps. Their actions more than two centuries ago remain a source of inspiration for every Marine who follows in their footsteps.
Semper Fidelis! 🦅🌍⚓
